CHAPTER 7: MINERALS
MAJOR MINERALS AND FUNCTIONS
1) CALCIUM
Building bones and teeth Blood clotting Muscle contraction Nerve transmission May lower blood pressure2) PHOSPHORUS
Building bones and teeth Energy metabolism Part of DNA Buffer of acids and bases3) MAGNESIUM
Energy metabolism Muscle contraction Nerve transmission Immune system4) SODIUM
Water balance Acid-base balance Nerve transmission Muscle contraction5) POTASSIUM
Water balance Acid-base balance Nerve transmission Muscle relaxation6) CHLORIDE
Water balance Acid-base balance Part of hydrochloric acid in stomach7) SULFUR
Part of protein, thiamin, and biotinTRACE MINERALS AND FUNCTIONS
i. IRON: Component of hemoglobin and myoglobin; energy metabolism.
ii. ZINC: Wound healing; bone formation; DNA synthesis; Protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism; development of sexual organs; taste perception.
iii. IODINE: Part of thyroid hormones; normal metabolic rate.
iv. SELENIUM: Part of antioxidant enzymes; regulates thyroid hormones.
v. FLUORIDE: Strong teeth and bones.
vi. CHROMIUM: Works with insulin.
vii. COPPER: Works with iron to form hemoglobin; synthesis of collagen; energy metabolism.
viii. MANGANESE: Form bone; metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein.
ix. MOLYBDENUM: Cofactor for several enzymes.
Reference: Drummond, K. E. & Brefere, L. M. (2010). Nutrition for foodservice and culinary professionals. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
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